Organizational influence for knowledge workers

Two timeless sales models for effecting change

Paul Sobocinski
2 min readMay 6, 2022

As knowledge workers, most of us don’t think of ourselves as salespeople.

Maybe we should.

Aerial view of waves lapping a shore.
Photo by Shifaaz shamoon on Unsplash

In the past, I’ve written about three scenarios where software engineers could benefit from knowing sales. As much as we hate to admit it, creating organizational influence and leveraging it to bring about change boils down to being good at sales.

In that same post, I also introduced the Five Levels of Awareness model for thinking about sales. It’s an old model — from the 1960s — which has surprisingly held its own through the decades. How is that possible? While technology has changed profoundly, human nature has essentially stayed the same.

Diagram summarizing the five levels of awareness, represented as a directed graph with the first level on the bottom and the fifth at the top. The levels are connected with arrows of progressively shorter length, to show that achieving each level gets easier, the higher the level one is at.
Five Levels of Awareness model (source)

If you have found yourself hitting a metaphorical brick wall, or found that your pleas have fallen on deaf ears, then this model can help explain why.

Another model for organizational change that I’ve written on is Response Modes from Strategic Selling. By contrast, this model can help explain when your efforts are thwarted in the eleventh hour by someone who doesn’t think that your change will be beneficial. You might think that everyone doesn’t need to be “on board” with your idea; if they don’t see your initiative yielding any change, why would they expend energy to stop you? This model explains why.

Growth: “desired results” is a line sloping upwards, while “perceived reality” is a horizontal line. The positive gap represents an opportunity. Trouble: “desired results” is a horizontal line, while “perceived reality” is a line sloping downwards. Again, the positive gap represents an opportunity. Even-keel: both lines overlap; no gap means no opportunity. Overconfident: “perceived reality” slopes upwards, while “undesired results” is horizontal. The negative gap represents interference.
Strategic Selling Response Modes model (source)

I have found both the Five Levels of Awareness and Response Modes models helpful in deciphering peoples’ motivations, and the impediments to organizational change. I hope that you find them useful too. If you have other mental models that have been useful in this vein, please drop a comment below. I’d love to hear about them.

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Engineering Director at Thoughtworks. Breaking production code since 2004. “Short cuts make long delays.”